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Tertullian ( A.D. c. 155 – c. 240) probably quoted John 1:1 with 'sermo' instead of 'verbum' from an Old Latin MSS in his Against Praxeas Chapter 7:

CAP. 7. 1 Tunc igitur etiam ipse sermo speciem et ornatum suum sumit, sonum et vocem, cum dicit deus, Fiat lux. haec est 35 nativitas perfecta sermonis, dum ex deo procedit; conditus ab

eo primum ad cogitatum in nomine sophiae - Dominus condidit me initium viarum; dehinc generatus ad effectum - Cum pararet caelum aderam illi; exinde eum patrem sibi faciens de quo procedendo filius factus est primogenitus, ut ante omnia genitus, et unigenitus, ut solus ex deo genitus, proprie de vulva cordis 5 ipsius secundum quod et pater ipse testatur, Eructavit cor meum sermonem optimum; 2 ad quem deinceps gaudens proinde gaudentem in persona illius, Filius meus es tu, ego hodie genui te, et, Ante luciferum genui te. [3] sic et filius ex sua persona profitetur patrem in nomine sophiae, Dominus condidit me 10 initium viarum in opera sua, ante omnes autem colles generavit me. nam si hic quidem sophia videtur dicere conditam se a domino in opera et vias eius, alibi autem per sermonem ostenditur omnia facta esse et sine illo nihil factum, sicut et rursum, Sermone eius caeli confirmati sunt et spiritu eius omnes vires eorum - 15 utique eo spiritu qui sermoni inerat - apparet unam eandemque vim esse, nunc in nomine sophiae, nunc in appellatione sermonis, quae initium accepit viarum in dei opera, et quae caelum con- firmavit, per quam omnia facta sunt et sine qua nihil factum est. [4] nec diutius de isto, quasi non ipse sit sermo et in sophiae et 20 in rationis et in omnis divini animi et spiritus nomine, qui filius factus est dei, de quo prodeundo generatus est. [5] ergo, inquis, das aliquam substantiam esse sermonem, spirito et sophia et ratione constructam? plane. non vis enim eum substantivum habere in re per substantiae proprietatem, ut res et persona quaedam videri 25 possit et ita capiat secundus a deo constitutus duos efficere, patrem et filium, deum et sermonem : [6] quid est enim, dices, sermo nisi vox et sonus oris, et sicut grammatici tradunt aer offensus intellegibilis auditu, ceterum vacuum nescio quid et inane et incorporale? at ego nihil dico de deo inane et vacuum 30 prodire potuisse, ut non de inani et vacuo prolatum, nec carere substantia quod de tanta substantia processit et tantas substantias fecit; [7] fecit enim et ipse quae facta sunt per illum. quale est ut nihil sit ipse sine quo nihil factum est, ut inanis solida et vacuus plena et incorporalis corporalia sit operatus? nam etsi potest ali- 35 quando quid fieri diversum eius per quod fit, nihil tamen potest fieri per id quod vacuum et inane est. [8] vacua et inanis res est sermo dei qui filius dictus est, qui ipse deus cognominatus est, Et sermo erat apud deum et deus erat sermo? scriptum est, 5 Non sumes nomen dei in vanum. hic certe est qui in effigie dei constitutus non rapinam existimavit esse se aequalem deo. in qua effigie dei? utique in aliqua, non tamen in nulla: quis enim negabit deum corpus esse, etsi deus spiritus est? spiritus enim corpus sui generis in sua effigie. [9] sed et si invisibilia illa, 10 quaecunque sunt, habent apud deum et suum corpus et suam formam per quae sali deo visibilia sunt, quanto magis quod ex ipsius substantia emissum est sine substantia non erit. quae- cunque ergo substantia sermonis fuit, illam dico personam et illi nomen filii vindico, et dam filium agnosco secundum a patre 15 defendo.

What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

Tertullian ( A.D. c. 155 – c. 240) probably quoted John 1:1 with 'sermo' instead of 'verbum' from an Old Latin MSS in his Against Praxeas Chapter 7:

CAP. 7. 1 Tunc igitur etiam ipse sermo speciem et ornatum suum sumit, sonum et vocem, cum dicit deus, Fiat lux. haec est 35 nativitas perfecta sermonis, dum ex deo procedit; conditus ab

eo primum ad cogitatum in nomine sophiae - Dominus condidit me initium viarum; dehinc generatus ad effectum - Cum pararet caelum aderam illi; exinde eum patrem sibi faciens de quo procedendo filius factus est primogenitus, ut ante omnia genitus, et unigenitus, ut solus ex deo genitus, proprie de vulva cordis 5 ipsius secundum quod et pater ipse testatur, Eructavit cor meum sermonem optimum; 2 ad quem deinceps gaudens proinde gaudentem in persona illius, Filius meus es tu, ego hodie genui te, et, Ante luciferum genui te. [3] sic et filius ex sua persona profitetur patrem in nomine sophiae, Dominus condidit me 10 initium viarum in opera sua, ante omnes autem colles generavit me. nam si hic quidem sophia videtur dicere conditam se a domino in opera et vias eius, alibi autem per sermonem ostenditur omnia facta esse et sine illo nihil factum, sicut et rursum, Sermone eius caeli confirmati sunt et spiritu eius omnes vires eorum - 15 utique eo spiritu qui sermoni inerat - apparet unam eandemque vim esse, nunc in nomine sophiae, nunc in appellatione sermonis, quae initium accepit viarum in dei opera, et quae caelum con- firmavit, per quam omnia facta sunt et sine qua nihil factum est. [4] nec diutius de isto, quasi non ipse sit sermo et in sophiae et 20 in rationis et in omnis divini animi et spiritus nomine, qui filius factus est dei, de quo prodeundo generatus est. [5] ergo, inquis, das aliquam substantiam esse sermonem, spirito et sophia et ratione constructam? plane. non vis enim eum substantivum habere in re per substantiae proprietatem, ut res et persona quaedam videri 25 possit et ita capiat secundus a deo constitutus duos efficere, patrem et filium, deum et sermonem : [6] quid est enim, dices, sermo nisi vox et sonus oris, et sicut grammatici tradunt aer offensus intellegibilis auditu, ceterum vacuum nescio quid et inane et incorporale? at ego nihil dico de deo inane et vacuum 30 prodire potuisse, ut non de inani et vacuo prolatum, nec carere substantia quod de tanta substantia processit et tantas substantias fecit; [7] fecit enim et ipse quae facta sunt per illum. quale est ut nihil sit ipse sine quo nihil factum est, ut inanis solida et vacuus plena et incorporalis corporalia sit operatus? nam etsi potest ali- 35 quando quid fieri diversum eius per quod fit, nihil tamen potest fieri per id quod vacuum et inane est. [8] vacua et inanis res est sermo dei qui filius dictus est, qui ipse deus cognominatus est, Et sermo erat apud deum et deus erat sermo? scriptum est, 5 Non sumes nomen dei in vanum. hic certe est qui in effigie dei constitutus non rapinam existimavit esse se aequalem deo. in qua effigie dei? utique in aliqua, non tamen in nulla: quis enim negabit deum corpus esse, etsi deus spiritus est? spiritus enim corpus sui generis in sua effigie. [9] sed et si invisibilia illa, 10 quaecunque sunt, habent apud deum et suum corpus et suam formam per quae sali deo visibilia sunt, quanto magis quod ex ipsius substantia emissum est sine substantia non erit. quae- cunque ergo substantia sermonis fuit, illam dico personam et illi nomen filii vindico, et dam filium agnosco secundum a patre 15 defendo.

What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

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Why did Jerome translate λόγος as What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

TertullianAugustine spoke of Latin MSS (A.D.c. 155 – c. 240copies of scriptures in Latin) stated that the customhas 'sermo' instead of the Latin people was to read 'in principio erat sermo...' from'verbum' in John 17:17 and John 1:1 in his (source).Tractate 108:

Finally, He proceeds, and doing so fails not to suggest the same with increasing clearness: Your speech (sermo) is truth. What else did He mean than I am the truth? For the Greek Gospel has λόγος, which is also the word that is found in the passage where it is said, In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. And that Word at least we know to be the only begotten Son of God, which was made flesh, and dwelt among us. Hence also there might have been put here as it actually has been put in certain copies, Your Word is truth; just as in some copies that other passage is written, In the beginning was the speech. But in the Greek without any variation it is λόγος in both cases. The Father therefore sanctifies in the truth, that is, in His own Word, in His Only begotten, His own heirs and His (the Son's) co-heirs.

Why, then, did Jerome translate λόγος as 'verbum' in John 1:1? What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

Why did Jerome translate λόγος as 'verbum' in John 1:1?

Tertullian (A.D.c. 155 – c. 240) stated that the custom of the Latin people was to read 'in principio erat sermo...' from John 1:1 (source).

Why, then, did Jerome translate λόγος as 'verbum' in John 1:1?

What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

Augustine spoke of Latin MSS (copies of scriptures in Latin) that has 'sermo' instead of 'verbum' in John 17:17 and John 1:1 in his Tractate 108:

Finally, He proceeds, and doing so fails not to suggest the same with increasing clearness: Your speech (sermo) is truth. What else did He mean than I am the truth? For the Greek Gospel has λόγος, which is also the word that is found in the passage where it is said, In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. And that Word at least we know to be the only begotten Son of God, which was made flesh, and dwelt among us. Hence also there might have been put here as it actually has been put in certain copies, Your Word is truth; just as in some copies that other passage is written, In the beginning was the speech. But in the Greek without any variation it is λόγος in both cases. The Father therefore sanctifies in the truth, that is, in His own Word, in His Only begotten, His own heirs and His (the Son's) co-heirs.

What does the Latin word 'sermo' convey that 'verbum' does not in John 17:17 and John 1:1?

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