What are the Hebrew/OT/Aramaic equivalents of the words ἀπιστία (unbelief) or ἄπιστος (unbelieving), such as in Romans 4:20? [closed]

Question

I am struck that these words/concepts are used frequently in the New Testament by speakers (Jesus and Paul among others, including Romans 4:20), who would have been (presumably) speaking/thinking in Aramaic/Hebrew, and approaching their theology from the framework of the Hebrew Bible.

Yet when I look for Semitic equivalents, I don't seem to be having much luck. (Searches on multiple versions of the English language Bible do not produce any results/synonyms/near equivalents to "unbelief" or "unbelieving," as far as I can see.)

The Lexham Research Lexicon of the Greek New Testament claims Hebrew equivalents include זָר (1), רָחָב 1 (1), but examining them in context does not seem to really bear that out.

Are there other Hebrew words/phrases I should be looking for?

Answer 1

In Greek, the word for "unbelief" is ἀπιστία which occurs quite sparingly, only 11 times: Matt 13:58, Mark 6:6, 9:24, 16:14, Rom 3:3, 4:20, 11:20, 23, 1 Tim 1:13, Heb 3:12, 19.

Hebrew does not have a word translated "unbelief". However, we do have the phrase, "not believe" (or similar) made by adding a negative before the verb. This occurs in places like Ex 4:1, 2 Chron 9:6, 1 Kings 10:7, Ps 78:22, Num 20:12, etc. The verb used is usually אָמַן (aman) = "to confirm, support" as in Gen 15:6, 42:20, 45:26, Ex 4:1, 5, 8, 9, etc.