To understand the political dynamics of Joseph (and his house) with respect to Pharoah, it's good to know the background and what was driving this dynamic.
In Gen 45, Pharoah is in a weakened position of authority, which is why he turns to Joseph. Joseph advises Pharoah to execute a plan that will turn Egypt into a centrally controlled slave society with Pharoah and his household having profound control over everything.
The idea is that during the years of plenty, Pharoah will tax the people and collect food, and then during the years of famine, the food will be sold back to the people in exchange first for their possessions, then for their land, and finally for their freedom.
Here "slave society" needs to be understood properly. It was not like colonial-era West Indies slavery where people lived in slave quarters on a plantation, had no possessions, and were kept in chains. Rather they were subject to periods of forced labor, they could have their own possessions but had to rent agricultural land from Pharoah, no freedom of movement, heavy taxation, and there was incredible control of all economic activity (e.g. price controls, occupations required licenses, etc).
This was the transformation of Egyptian society orchestrated by Joseph in accordance to Pharoah's wishes. Indeed, from the historical record we can view middle kingdom Egypt as an immensely centralized society especially in comparison with its peers. I recommend this great youtube video, which even though it covers Egypt in a much later period (Pompey) it does cover many aspects of what it means for Pharoah to own the country in an enjoyable way. A direct source for corvee labor and taxation in the middle kingdom period is here.
Going back to Genesis, obviously Pharoah liked Joseph's proposal, and in order to execute it, gave Joseph great authority and granted special privileges to his household.
But the consequences of this centralization project were that
Pharoah greatly increased his power and didn't need Joseph anymore
Over time, the special exemptions given to Joseph's household were withdrawn and they were treated as slaves like everyone else, themselves victims of Joseph's far reaching vision.
It is for this reason that in Gen 50, long after the enslavement of Egypt, Joseph needs to ask Pharoah's household to speak for him - he is now on the outside of a vast and powerful bureaucracy that he created, so this is a foreshadowing of the loss of special privileges and exemptions for his descendents, which by the time of Exodus was complete.
This must be viewed as part of a recurring theme in the old testament, where something drives one of the patriarchs into Egypt, they engage in some kind of deception against the natives ("She is my sister!"), and it usually backfires, but then the LORD intervenes, saves the day, takes them out of egypt, and they leave with some Egyptian wealth to boot, hopefully after having learned a lesson.
