For Psalm 54:1, most of the recent English translation's use the word "vindicate" but the KJV uses the word "judge"
Psalm 54 (NASB) Save me, O God, by Your name, And [c]vindicate me by Your power. 2 Hear my prayer, O God; Give ear to the words of my mouth. 3 For strangers have risen against me And violent men have sought my [d]life; They have not set God before them. [e]Selah.
Psalm 54 (KJV) Save me, O God, by thy name, and judge me by thy strength.
2 Hear my prayer, O God; give ear to the words of my mouth.
3 For strangers are risen up against me, and oppressors seek after my soul: they have not set God before them. Selah.
(Reference: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/judge ) judge verb judged; judging
Definition of judge (Entry 2 of 2)
transitive verb 1 : to form an opinion about through careful weighing of evidence and testing of premises 2 : to form an estimate or evaluation of trying to judge the amount of time required especially : to form a negative opinion about shouldn't judge him because of his accent 3 : to hold as an opinion : guess, think I judge she knew what she was doing 4 : to sit in judgment on : try judge a case 5 : to determine or pronounce after inquiry and deliberation They judged him guilty. 6 : govern, rule —used of a Hebrew tribal leader
(Reference: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vindicate )
vindicate verb vin·di·cate | \ ˈvin-də-ˌkāt \ vindicated; vindicating Definition of vindicate
transitive verb 1a : to free from allegation or blame b(1) : confirm, substantiate (2) : to provide justification or defense for : justify c : to protect from attack or encroachment : defend 2 : avenge 3 : to maintain a right to 4 obsolete : to set free : deliver
תהילים Psalm 54 (WLC)
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ בִּנְגִינֹ֗ת מַשְׂכִּ֥יל לְדָוִֽד׃2 בְּב֣וֹא הַ֭זִּיפִים וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְשָׁא֑וּל הֲלֹ֥א דָ֝וִ֗ד מִסְתַּתֵּ֥ר עִמָּֽנוּ׃
3 אֱ֭לֹהִים בְּשִׁמְךָ֣ הוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נִי וּבִגְבוּרָתְךָ֥ תְדִינֵֽנִי׃
IMHO, obviously, in view of God's Gracious Love, I'd prefer "vindicate" since vindicate means to "free from allegation or blame"
In any case, Could someone please read and evaluate the Hebrew (or maybe even the Septuagint) and tell us whether said language translations lean closer to "vindicate" or "judge"?