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In this passage, Noah explicitly states that Japheth will have no dwelling place of his own.

Genesis:9.27
May God enlarge Japheth, And may he dwell in the tents of Shem;....

Note: Japheth will not dwell in his own tents but will dwell in that of his brother !!.

If such is the case, how then does God enlarge him?

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  • Tent dwellers are nomadic people whose life style is one of economic pilgrimage. As such they are never truly attached to land. If they ever became attached to land then they would be living in houses instead. But tents are mobile. So by confining Japheth to the tents and by extension the profession of Shem, how is he then enlarged.
    – user20490
    Nov 17, 2017 at 18:45
  • I view his enlargement from the perspective of and because land is central to the entire biblical narrative. From Man being created from dust to God placing a curse on the ground. Then Abel's blood crying from the ground to Cain being cursed from the ground. All the way to Gen 5:29 where Lamech prophesied that Noah would bring them relief from the ground. And then climaxing in the extermination of all living things on the ground in a flood.
    – user20490
    Nov 17, 2017 at 18:48

10 Answers 10

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God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant. - Genesis 9:27

There is no indication that anything in this verse is mutually exclusive. That is to say: Japheth would do all of these things.

We can first establish that the descendants of Japheth were enlarged:

... to them belonged all Europe, and lesser Asia, Media, Iberia, Albania, part of Armenia, and all those vast countries to the north, ... not to say anything of the new world (America) ...

We see that Japheth's descendants did inhabit the "tents" of Shem on a number of occasions:

and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem;

inhabit the countries belonging to the posterity of Shem: this was verified by the Medes, who were the descendants of Japheth, together with the Babylonians seizing upon the Assyrian empire and overthrowing that, for Ashur was of Shem; and in the Greeks and Romans, who sprung from Japheth, when they made conquests in Asia, in which were the tents of Shem's posterity; ... and particularly this was fulfilled when the Romans, who are of Japheth, seized Judea, which had long been the seat of the children of Shem, the Jews; and at this day the Turks* who are also Japheth's sons, literally dwell in the tents of Shem, or inhabit Judea: ...

There are also those who don't believe this to be a reference to Japheth, but rather a prophecy specifically for Shem. I think that this is a strange reading seeing that Shem gets his own verse previously, but not a completely absurd one.

"God shall cause his Shechinah or glorious Majesty to dwell in the tents of Shem"

- the Targum Onkelos

There is also the possibility of the "dwelling in the tents" to refer to receiving instruction and learning from:

"and his children shall be proselytes, and dwell in the school of Shem;"

- Jonathan Ben Uzziel

So we see that there are three possibilities here, all of them historically correct:

  1. Japheth's descendants ruled over the lands of Shem's descendants numerous times. (Medes, Greeks, Romans, Ottomans, British.)
  2. Japheth is not the subject of that part of the prophecy, but the Messiah is. (Jesus being born to a descendant of Shem.)
  3. Japheth's descendants would learn and follow the teachings of one of Shem's descendants. (The conversion of the Gentiles to Christianity.)

* John Gill wrote this in around 1750.

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  • A good answer dieuwe. +1
    – user20490
    Jan 23, 2018 at 7:31
  • Walter Kaiser in his book "The Messiah in the Old Testament" sees this as Messianic (Option 2). One of the arguments he puts forth is based on the structure of this kind of seven line / three part Hebrew poetry -- somehow this makes the "he" in verse 7 God himself. I had never thought this before since I am not well versed in Hebrew poetry.
    – wcochran
    Jan 20 at 22:30
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There is a play on Hebrew words here. "Enlarge" is yapht, which sounds likes Japheth.

I think that the verse is not referring to Japheth personally, but rather to his progeny. Japheth is understood to be the ancestor of the Hellenic peoples who would later dominate the western world.1


1. See, e.g., Oxford Jewish Study Bible (1st ed.), p.26n

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  • This is a very unsatisfactory answer because it is obvious that their progeny is what is being spoken about.
    – user20490
    Nov 23, 2017 at 2:10
  • If Japheth is enlarged, then he will expand in influence, culture etc. But then Noah states by prophecy that there will be no tent for Japhetic peoples. They will dwell in the tents of Shem!!. So that is the question. How have the Hellenic peoples been enlarged within the confines of the semitic.
    – user20490
    Nov 23, 2017 at 2:12
  • The passage is speaking simultaneously of the immediate and distant futures.
    – user33515
    Nov 23, 2017 at 2:26
  • In the immediate future subsequent to that prophecy, there was a Hamitic ruler called Nimrod. And he founded the first civilizations after the flood. Then there were the Pharaoh's of Egypt also of Hamitic stock. Then the mighty kingdoms of Canaan also of Hamitic stock. Then the Assyrians also a Semo-Hamitic civilization. Then the Babylonians also a Semo-Hamitic people. So in the immediate future, Japheth wasn't enlarged!!
    – user20490
    Nov 23, 2017 at 2:31
  • You are correct. He was enlarged in the distant future. I'm just citing a Rabbinic explanation that resolves the inconsistency. If it is lacking, I am sure someone will come along with a better answer. You can just downvote my answer and move on. Peace.
    – user33515
    Nov 23, 2017 at 5:07
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I do not think Japheth was "confined" to the tents of Shem. It simply means they dwelt together cause Ham had the hot, Shem had North Africa. So Japheth hung around Shem, instead of freezing over the Caucuses, cause Ham's people were trifling and spiteful. Too cold to live in tents in Europe back then.

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    Oct 1, 2021 at 21:00
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Japheth being enlarged while dwelling under the tents of Shem means that the peoples of Japheth's line would eventually fall under the religions of Shem.

Shem leads to Abraham. The Abrahamic religions became the faith of every Japhetic line that you can name. The 'tent' is the tabernacle.

Every Japhetite fell under the tabernacle, all while making global empires. Whether the greeks/romans in ancient times, or the british/french/dutch/russians/spanish/portuguese etc. later on. In fact, Abrahamic beliefs defined their entire existences once we reached the medieval age. Look at the Great Schism, the Reformation and every war that came in-between as example.

In the Islamic tradition the Turks are Japhetites as well. They fell under Islam and embraced an Abrahamic religion just like the Europeans did with Christianity (abandoning their pagan/polytheistic faiths). They expanded territory at an incredible rate, ultimately controlling the Holy Lands while being Abrahamic Japhetites.

Noah's prophecy is striking once you put all of the pieces together.

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    – Dottard
    Dec 18, 2021 at 21:40
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‘We are all Japhethites living in the tents of Shem.’ (Franz Delitzsch 1813- 1890,* based on Genesis 9:27). I wonder if the identity of Japhethites might be interchangeable with Gentiles? The argument for the tents of Shem being God's chosen human depository for divine revelation to all mankind seems to attract a love-hate relationship. It is true that tents can easily be shifted and historically perhaps it is this facility which makes God's Word so ubiquitous. In the New Testament this facility is figuratively defined as an aroma. The Apostle Paul told those Gentile believers in Corinth,"But thanks be to God, who in Christ always leads us in triumphal procession, and through us spreads the fragrance of the knowledge of him everywhere. 15 For we are the aroma of Christ to God among those who are being saved and among those who are perishing, 16 to one a fragrance from death to death, to the other a fragrance from life to life. Who is sufficient[a] for these things?" 2 Corinthians 2:14-16.

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  • Hi Kevin, welcome to the site. This looks like the start of a solid answer, but could you clarify how it addresses the original question? Please be sure to take the site tour, and thanks for contributing! May 28, 2022 at 21:29
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This could mean a lot of things! It obviously refers do his (Japheth) descendants. Later they would gain influence over vast lands and peoples by means of influence, politically nd economically. Looking at the world today, it is under Western control. One could not do anything that huge with international influence without the West endorsing it. I would suggest that the "live in Shem"s tent" could refer to the West, who beyond all doubt are Japhethites, being reliant on the EAU"s bounty of mineral resources, mainly oil. Another factor qould be that the West would finally adopt the semitic belief system.

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    Jun 20, 2022 at 4:26
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I believe that this passage refers to the current Jewish people who are occupying the land of Israel. After 1948 the Ashkenazi Jews migrated from Europe after Hitter's tyranny. Moreover the territory belongs to Gods true "chosen people" who have be scattered to the four corners of the Earth. Due to there disobedience and not following Gods Commandants he gave Moses in the Old Testament. The lords true "chosen people" are the 12 tribes of Israel, which includes the slaves who were taken from the West coast of AFRICA. I refer to them as the dispersed of Judah. The Lord will eventually restore his "chosen people" back to the native home.

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    Sep 30, 2022 at 12:57
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To enlarge was intended to mean "decieve or to bluff up" Japhetic people to think they are shemmettic and are not.

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    Nov 18, 2022 at 13:27
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Japheth's descedents dwell in Shem's tents by being grafted as unnatural branches into the olive tree of Israel, the root of which is Jesus the Messiah, who sums up and fulfills the promises made unto the patriarchs and all the covenants of old creation. Thus can the Japhethites speak of "our fathers in the wilderness." As Paul writes to the Christians of Galatia (who may have been Celts) "and if you are Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed and heirs of the promise."

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    Feb 10, 2023 at 13:32
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You are all dead wrong! Some of you are on to some truth, but are completely lost! People in the middle east are mostly Ham and Japeth mix. There are no Shemites in the middle east today. Noah's three sons would all be of the same race. However two of them Ham and Japeth would mix with the other nation's. The reason the line runs through Shem is because Shem would of kept Noah's lineage. I could explain this to an exact point but in today's climate I would be called a Nazi! The children of Shem would become the Israelites. The Israelites were beautiful in their appearance. Remember 96% of the earth has dark hair and dark eyes. Even amongst whites majority do not have light hair or light eyes. Climate has nothing to do with this. If it did Native Americans, Eskimos, Siberians, Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese would all have light hair light eyes. Last the Children of Shem would be milk and honey consumers. Lactose intolerance would be non existence in the children of Shem! I will leave it there, for I have already stated too much. But you are looking in all the wrong places for Shem. Remember the Shemites would be exiled from the land and would migrate to new lands. Shem and Japeth would live in the same lands together and reproduce together. Religion has nothing to do with who is Shem!

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