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My impression is that Aramaic primacy is not taken very seriously among experts, so there's not much in the way of scholarly works debunking it. (This is not unusual, compare to say mythicism or the theory that Jesus and Mary Magdaline were married, neither of which had scholarly debunkings until recently.) So rather than citing experts, I'm just going to ...

The Hebrew phrase in Psalms 118:25 from which the Greek Hosanna (ὡσαννά) derives is actually two words: הוֹשִׁ֨יעָ֥ה נָּ֑א (hoshi'ah na): הוֹשִׁ֨יעָ֥ה (hôšîâ) is Hiphil imperative masculine singular fromישׁע` (ysh'), which means to help, save, rescue. נָּ֑א (na) is a particle which indicates urgency or sincerity, and takes different meanings based on ...

The two languages are related (both are Northwest Semtic languages) and eventually shared a script. Hebrew, prior to the exile used its own script called Paleo-Hebrew. It was still used afterwards in isolated places and instances, but what we now call Aramaic Square replaced it for the most part. Though they share many common words and large pieces of ...

Not an expert, but I did have this link sent to me once: Abba Isn't Daddy Each of the three occurrences of αββα in the NT is followed by the Greek translation ο πατερ, "the father." This translation makes clear its meaning to the writers; the form is a literal translation -- "father" plus a definite article -- and like abba can also be a ...

During the Intertestamental period, Judas the Maccabee (the Hammer) led a major revolt in Israel. This is the Hasmonean revolt (beginning in 167 BC). After Judah and the other Hasmoneans led the people to victory in a major battle, the people had a celebration. They cut off palm branches, waved them in the air, and shouted "Hosanna!" Judah was killed in ...

According to Fr. Patrick Henry Reardon1, the spelling difference is inconsequential. The spelling difference does not change the meaning and has more to do with transliteration (from Greek) than translation. The only way of distinguishing grammatical number is through diacritics, which were not added to the language until a couple centuries after the writing ...

Yes, it is available online at the Hebrew Union College's Jewish Institute of Religion in their Comprehensive Aramaic Project. Just click on "Search the CAL textual databases" in the left column. Then go to "Targum Studies Module," then "Browse a Single Targum," and you will see Targum Neofiti. Note that every word is tagged so you can click on it for a ...

The Wikipedia article Hosanna makes a reference to the Bauer Lexicon, explaining the etymology of the Greek word ὡσαννά: derived from Aramaic (הושע נא) from Hebrew (הושיעה נא) (Psalm 118:25, הוֹשִׁיעָהנָּא), meaning "help" or "save, I pray", "an appeal that became a liturgical formula; as part of the Hallel... familiar to everyone in Israel." So by the ...

I presume that this in reference to its use in the New Testament. In the Old Testament, it means "father". It's pretty much the only translation for it. Use in Greek text From Vines Abba is an Aramaic word, found in Mar 14:36; Rom 8:15 and Gal 4:6. In the Gemara (a Rabbinical commentary on the Mishna, the traditional teaching of the Jews) it is ...

Dr. Sebastian P. Brock, who retired from teaching at Oxford University, has demonstrated that the Peshitta New Testament was translated from the Greek into Syriac. The name of Jesus in the Syriac Peshitta text is ܝܫܘܥ (Jesu). This is how it is rendered in Matthew 1:21. However, the name 'Joshua' is not consistently rendered in this way in Syriac, presumably ...

Here's the problem concerning the singular/plural distinction: I found an online Peshitta forum post by Paul Younan (who prepared a scholarly Peshitta text) that mentions that there was no way to distinguish between the singular and plural in Aramaic until at least the 6th century. He states: Notice the only difference between the two is the Syame ...

Noah has given an excellent answer, but I would like to give other issues with Aramaic primacy. There are NT fragments in Greek that are older than anything in Aramaic. Very early fragments. The John Rylands fragment of John's Gospel, P52 (AD ~125), is older by centuries than any copy of the Peshitta that has survived, and even older than the work in the ...

In Hebrew the words share two of the three letters of the root: Sabbath (Shabbat), שַׁבָּת, is Strong's H7676. It is spelled shin-bet-taf. Seven, שֶׁבַע, is Strong's H7651. It is spelled shin-bet-'ayin. While Shabbat does fall on the seventh day of the week, Strong's doesn't note a linguistic connection between the two words nor have I ever learned one ...

As you've pointed out, Gehenna (γέεννα) is just a transliteration of the Hebrew for "Valley of Hinnom" (גֵּי הִנֹּם) and the Aramaic for the same (גֵיהִנָּם / ܓܗܢܐ). The NET translators point out, This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5–6; 32:35), ...

The oldest and most studied claim of this sort is that there was an Aramaic gospel which served as a source for the synoptics. In particular, many early church fathers believed that the original version of Matthew was written in Aramaic based in part on the writings of Papias who said: "For Matthew composed the logia [sayings] in Hebrew style; but each ...

In the same way that English is a Germanic language that, after a French invasion, incorporated so much it's structure as to be mutually unintelligible, so too Biblical Aramaic is Hebrew that was infused with the Assyrian language after the conquest of Israel. Aramaic itself is Assyrian, and there are many, many dialects. When most people talk of it ...

Below are a few different entries for the Greek word ὡσαννά (copied from BibleWorks 8): Friberg Lexicon 29106 ὡσαννά a particle transliterated from the Aramaic; strictly, a cry expressing an appeal for divine help save! help, we pray! in a liturgical usage, a shout of praise and worship hosanna, we praise you (MT 21.9) Louw-Nida Lexicon 33.364 ...

They are both west Semitic and have a very obvious shared root language. They also use the same script. However, there are a handful of differences in the way they developed. For instance, the long 'a' was retained in Aramaic but changed to a long 'o' in Hebrew in some words. Also, the original tav was retained in Aramaic but changed to a shin in Hebrew.

Check out James R. Edwards' book, The Hebrew Gospel and the Development of the Synoptic Tradition. From my review in the Stone-Campbell Journal, 14:2 Fall, 2011: This volume presents an older idea concerning the formation of the Synoptic Gospels, while connecting the data in a new way. The current volume resurrects an older idea concerning the formation ...

I am not able to paste Aramaic letters on my computer (or on this site) but you can see that the Sabbath and week are not the same. An example where both words are used is Mathew 28:1. The interlinear Aramaic and English version can be found here. http://www.peshitta.org/pdf/Mattich28.pdf The literal Aramaic in English reads like this: “of the week the ...

Greek Primacy Point A) How is it possible for Apostle Paul to speak Aramaic especially in Greek regions and in Rome? How is it also possible for Paul to speak Aramaic when early Christians were Greek such as Timothy and Titus? AP Response: Through Acts 16-18, we read that Apostle Paul was preaching to Jews in Greek regions like Ephesus, Thessalonica, ...

In Matthew 28:1 of the Aramaic translation by Victor Alexander@v-a.com, the translated "Sabbath" and the word translated "week",don't appear here. 21:8."And most of the people* (*21:8 Lit. Ar. idiom.:"Crowds," or "congregation.") laid down their cloaks on the road.And others cut down branches from the trees and threw them on the road." The translation ...

I want to point out an important difference between Aramaic and Hebrew by comparing some specific words in Aramaic and Hebrew. 1) In Hebrew, "Ben" means Son. For Example, "Ben"jamin. But in Aramaic, "Bar" means Son. By the time of Jesus, Aramaic was the language of Israel. Not Hebrew. Just look at the names in English NT Bible- "Bar"tholomew, ...