Questions tagged [septuagint]
The Koine Greek translation of the Jewish Scriptures; often abbreviated "LXX".
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Why does the Septuagint us ph for the name Philistines?
Reading the ever-surprising Timeline of the name Palestine, I noticed that the Egyptian, Assyrian, and biblical Hebrew have a "P" as the first consonant of the names equivalent to Peleshet/...
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Is John 18:31 better understood as "It is not lawful for us to murder anyone."
There are several questions about the ability of the Sanhedrin to legally carryout capital punishment.
On one hand, Pilate seems to affirm the right:
John 18:31 (ESV)
Pilate said to them, “Take him ...
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The Septuagint vorlage in 1 Sam. 14:41 - Give Urim/Give Thumim
The MT text reads thus:
וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁאוּל אֶל יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הָבָה תָמִים
וַיִּלָּכֵד יוֹנָתָן וְשָׁאוּל וְהָעָם יָצָאוּ.
Therefore Saul said unto the LORD God of Israel, Give a perfect ...
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What is the significance of the LXX going back and forth between God and Lord God in Genesis 2:4-24?
The LXX uses both God and Lord God in Genesis 2.
LXX-Genesis 2 (NETS)
4 This is the book of the origin of heaven and earth, when it originated, on the day that God made the sky and the earth 5 and ...
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Is Matthew Correct When He Reports Jesus Reading from the Greek (LXX) Version of Isaiah? (Luke 4:18-19)
Answers to this question provide convincing evidence that Jesus reportedly read from the Septuagint (Greek) version of Isaiah in Luke 4:18-19, when he began his public ministry in Nazareth. My ...
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Which is the oldest fragment of LXX containing Psalm 22:16?
As far as I am aware, LXX uses a word in this crucial verse which would uncontroversially be translated as "pierced" into English. If it predates the Roman practice of crucifixion and/or ...
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Can the nominative case justify the insertion of a definite article?
For example, In Isaiah 1:1 there is no definite article for the vision being spoken of.
ὅρασις ἣν εἶδεν Ησαιας υἱὸς Αμως ἣν εἶδεν κατὰ τῆς Ιουδαίας καὶ κατὰ Ιερουσαλημ ἐν βασιλείᾳ Οζιου καὶ Ιωαθαμ καὶ ...
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Is this a fair translation of Isaiah 5:1 (LXX)?
ᾄσω δὴ τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ ᾆσμα τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ τῷ ἀμπελῶνί μου ἀμπελὼν ἐγενήθη τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ ἐν κέρατι ἐν τόπῳ πίονι
Now I will sing to the loved a song of the Beloved, my vineyard: "A vineyard became a ...
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Does Romans' use of ἀπολύτρωσις (redemption) indicate something different from the LXX's use of λύτρωσις?
In Paul's preaching of the Gospel, he states believers have redemption:
Romans 3:21-26 (ESV):
21 But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the ...
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In the Septuagint, 1 Samuel 2:10 has what seems to be a version of Jeremiah 9:23. Modern translations do not have this. Ideas?
I've been reading the Septuagint recently and noticed that 1 Samuel 2:10 has a version of Jeremiah 9:23 included. Modern translations do not have this. I'm just looking for reasons. I guess that ...
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Genesis 4:8 - Cain kills himself?
Genesis 4:8
And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
καὶ εἶπεν Καιν πρὸς Αβελ τὸν ἀδελφὸν ...
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Intertextuality - OT Angel of death and NT death (horseman)
I would like to examine what relationship, if any, early and later Greek scribes saw between the OT angel of death/destruction and the death described by the NT as one of the four horsemen.
We see the ...
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Was the biblical Re'em a unicorn?
The Re'em was a formidable animal. Mentioned 9 times in the Bible (Numbers, Psalms, Job, Deuteronomy). According to certain Judeo-Christian sources, Re'em was an aurochs (extinct in 1627, in Jaktorów ...
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How certain are we that the "deep" of Genesis 1:2 involves water?
How certain are we that the "deep" of Genesis 1:2 involves water? I note that the Septuagint translation uses "abyss" which seems to suggest empty space rather than ocean. Yet I ...
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Genesis 1:3 - Septuagint - Let there be Man?
Genesis 1:3
And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.
καὶ εἶπεν ὁ θεός γενηθήτω φῶς καὶ ἐγένετο φῶς
Modern Koine readers will have the advantage of accent marks to tell the ...
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Leviticus 20:5 - Septuagint variant analyzed
For convenience, here is the passage (KJV, LXX):
Leviticus 20:5
Then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him, to commit ...
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Can we know how or why the Septuagint renders "forever" in Psalm 102:28? No other translation has this
Can we know how or why the Septuagint renders "forever" in Psalm 102:28? No other translation has this.
Most render this "established." Is there an underlying semantic reason for ...
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Psalm 16:10 - "See the pit" vs "see corruption"
My understanding is that translations of Psalm 16:10 differ based on whether they are translating from the Masoretic text or the Septuagint.
For example:
"For Thou wilt not abandon my soul to ...
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Septuagint/LXX—why 70 and not 72?
The answer to this might be "go back in time to ask those who said it" but …
There are several documents extant that say 72 scholars produced the Septuagint. So why is it called Septuagint (...
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Son of theos vs son of kyrios
I'm hesitant to speak in absolute terms about this, but perhaps it can be generally agreed upon that in many cases where we see Χριστὸς we tend not to see κυριος as a relational lexicon to describe ...
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Septuagint translation - nuance intentional, accidental or unresolved? [closed]
It has been somewhat challenging for me to properly contextualize the choice of words in the Greek translation. Instances of "logos" appear quite often, one could argue almost systematic. ...
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Is the "root of Jesse" in the LXX, a reference to a divine Messiah?
Isaiah 11-12 is a messianic and eschatological prophecy. It begins by identifying the king.1
There shall come forth a shoot from the stump of Jesse,
and a branch from his roots shall bear fruit. (...
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What manuscript tradition do Mark 1:2 & Matthew 11:10 quote from for Malachi 3:1?
In Mark 1:2 we see a quote from Malachi that reads:
Behold, I send My messenger before Your face,
Who will prepare Your way [before You.]
Ἰδού, [ἐγὼ] ἀποστέλλω τὸν ἄγγελόν μου πρὸ προσώπου σου ὃς ...
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What does " teaching" [διδαχήν] mean in Psalm 59:1 LXX?
εἰς τὸ τέλος τοῖς ἀλλοιωθησομένοις ἔτι εἰς στηλογραφίαν τῷ Δαυιδ εἰς διδαχήν Psalm 59:1 LXX
What meaning did the Septuagint translator want to convey to readers at the time by using the word ...
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Missing verset in Psalm 15:3
The verset ". . .slanders not with his tongue" is missing from the Psalm (15,3) found at Qumran. The LXX does contain this reference to slander which begs the question, at least for me, when ...
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Isaiah 45:11 two persons speaking or one?
Is there a plurality of two persons speaking in this verse?
I’m not certain but here is the text:
Thus says the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, and his Maker: “Ask Me about the things to come ...
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Does Jesus allude to the Old Testament in how He uses the expression, "Lord Lord?"
The double vocative κύριε κύριε, Lord Lord is used by Jesus four times (Matthew 7:21, 7:22, 25:11, Luke 6:46). The first two are found in describing judgement:
21 “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, ...
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Deutoronomy 22:23,25 LXX translation
In Brenton Septuagint, the translation of the same word in hebrew - מאורשה, is different between verse 23 and verse 25:
“And if there be a young damsel espoused to a man...” (Deuteronomy 22:23, ...
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Hebrews 10:5-7 - distorted quotation? [duplicate]
Hebrews 10:5-7 contains a quotation from Psalm 40 from the Septuagint that greatly varies from Masoretic version that is present in our bibles today:
“So when he came into the world, he said, “...
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The Book of the Jonah 1:17, 4:6 comparison of MT and LXX
The Septuagint LXX is the oldest known translation of the Old
Testament into ancient Greek. It is generally believed that the
formation of the Septuagint began in the 280s BC and in general ended
in ...
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Which version of Ezekiel 37 is accurate?
I was comparing various passages in the KJV (translated from the Masoretic Text) with the Septuagint (LXX) to see what the differences would be. One of the passages that I used was from Ezekiel 37, ...
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Why does the Septuagint translate מערב three different ways in Ezekiel 27
Ezekiel 27:9 לערב מערבך επι δυσμας δυσμων
Ezekiel 27:13 מערבך την εμποριαν σου
Ezekiel 27:19 במערבך εν τω συμμικτω σου
Even though these are three different Greek translations of מערב, they are all ...
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Congregation or congregrations? מקוה in Genesis 1:10
Genesis 1:10 ויקרא אלהים ליבשה ארץ ולמקוה המים קרא ימים וירא אלהים כי טוב
Vulgate: Et vocavit Deus aridam Terram, congregationesque aquarum appellavit Maria. Et vidit Deus quod esset bonum.
LXX: καὶ ...
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Does anyone know if there is a complete translation table from the Masoretic numbering to the Greek numbering of the Psalms available somewhere?
I asked myself this question today and could not find anything. I have thus decided to answer my own question here.
The basic translation table (found e.g. in Wikipedia) is the following:
Hebrew ...
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Christian authorship of books of the Septuagint
I am currently in discussion with a Muslim who appears to be arguing for Christian authorship of books of the Septuagint, who he argues have tampered with the text through mistranslation. These books ...
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Does γέγονεν in John 1:15 indicate that Jesus had a beginning? [duplicate]
John 1:15 (NASB95)
John testified about Him and cried out, saying, “This was He of whom I said, ‘He who comes after me has a higher rank than I, for He existed before me.’“
Most translations choose ...
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How can we trust the Hebrew Bible to be accurate when the oldest MSS go back only to about the tenth century C.E.?
The oldest complete MSS of the Hebrew Bible is from about the tenth century C.E.? We have portions of manuscripts from the years between 200 B.C.E. and 200 C.E.(the Dead Sea scrolls) but nothing like ...
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Psalm 16:2 first person or second person
Some translations render “said” in Psalm 16:2 as first person singular, while others choose second person singular. Which of these two translations has a stronger textual basis?
From what I can see, ...
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Has anyone reconstructed the LXX version of Job 2:9 in Hebrew?
I know the Masoretic version of this verse is considerably shorter. But has anyone tried recreating the underlying Hebrew text from which the LXX version of Job 2:9 was translated?
MT of Job 2:9 -
...
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Does the Septuagint of Isaiah throw light on Romans chapter 9 about the Gentiles coming to see God's glory?
This related Q, What does "glory" of the Gentiles mean in Isaiah? deals with the word 'glory' which I'm not asking about. This other related Q, In Ezekiel 10:4, Why does Ezekiel see a Cloud ...
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Why do [1 Peter 2:8 | Romans 9:33] misquote the Greek LXX version of Isaiah 8:14?
Apostles Peter & Paul prefer a different version of [Isaiah 8:14] based on their revision of the Greek LXX.
Referencing the Isaiah 8:14 as documented in Septuagint, we read : “καὶ ἐὰν ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ ...
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Why does the apostle Peter misquote Isaiah 28:16 in [1 Peter 2:6]?
If the Greek LXX version of Isaiah 28 was studied by Peter, Why does the apostle Peter misquote Isaiah 28:16 in [1 Peter 2:6]?
[1 Peter 2:6, LXX]
“Ἰδού, [τίθημι ἐν] Σιὼν λίθον [?] ἀκρογωνιαῖον ...
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Why did Textus Receptus add the word "Χριστοῦ" to [Revelation 12:17]?
Rome's persecution of specific Israelites who have "τὴν μαρτυρίαν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ" was poetically documented in [Revelation 12:17] - "And the dragon was enraged with the woman, and he went to ...
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How is "El-Shaddai" translated in the Septuagint?
The title "El-Shaddai" has been traditionally translated in English as "God Almighty", but this is increasingly disputed. However a way of understanding what the word meant ...
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Why does Deuteronomy 7:11 in [MT] show מִּצְוָה Mitsvah (s.) for "Commandments" (pl.), instead of Mitsvot , like "ἐντολὰς" [LXX]?
If the word "Commandments" (plural) was actually meant to be written in [Deuteronomy 7:11], why does the [MT] show the singular word מִּצְוָה versus the [LXX] plural word ἐντολὰς?
[MT, ...
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If the LXX version of Judges 18:30 states "Μωυσῆ" (Moses), why would New Testament bibles prefer מְנַשֶּׁ֜ה (Menasseh) from Tanakh's MT?
Why would Tanakh's MT sometimes be preferred over Greek LXX as correct sources for New Testament bibles? - Example : Judges 18:30.
[Judges 18:30, LXX] states :
"καὶ ἀνέστησαν ἑαυτοῗς οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ ...
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Did Jesus establish in Matthew 4:4 that the later LXX editions add words to Deuteronomy 8:3?
Jesus teaches us in Matthew 4:4 what is written in Deuteronomy 8:3 LXX, but Jesus excludes two words (ὁ,τῷ) from his citation of Deuteronomy 8:3 LXX.
[Matthew 4:4] Οὐκ ἐπ᾽ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ἄνθρωπος : ...
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If Luke 1:17 was quoting the LXX version of Malachi 4:6, Why was ἐπιστρέφω used for “to turn” instead of copying ἀποκαθίστημι?
Should historians think Luke’s author used an available copy of LXX to reference Malachi 4:6, if the LXX-Malachi uses the Greek word “ἀποκαθίστημι” instead of “ἐπιστρέφω” in Luke 1:17?
[LXX Malachi 4:...
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In Psalm 18:24, Does Cleanliness of χειρῶν “Hands” merit righteousness?
Why does LXX version of Psalm 18:24 use the word “χειρῶν” [worse] instead of “χεῖρας“ [hands] like Job 17:9, when translating יָ֝דַ֗י yaday from Tehillim 18:25?
[Tehillim 18:25, MT]
“and YHVH has ...
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In Psalm 2:9 is the verb תְּ֭רֹעֵם from the root רָעָה shepherd or רָעַע break?
In Psalm 2:9 is the verb תְּ֭רֹעֵם from the root רָעָה shepherd (basis for translation of LXX) or רָעַע break (MT Masora)?
תְּ֭רֹעֵם has multiple homonyms, three based on the root רָעָה and two off ...
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