Yes, they are the same
In most cases, one would consider the passage as a whole in order to determine how to translate a specific word with multiple possible meanings. Likewise, exegesis should take source languages and translation process into account. (An example might be a passage where a particular word or phrase could change the understanding if translated differently - and if this is the case, how did the translators determine which way to translate it?)
No, they are different
If we take it that they operate on different things or in different ways, they are different. What I mean here is:
- Translation may be performed as part of exegesis, but one can also exegete from previously translated texts.
- Depending upon one's approach to translation, exegesis might not be (directly) part of the translation process. For example, a "raw" literal translation might list the single most common target-language word for the source, or an amplified translation might provide a list of possible words.
They're different, but densely intertwined
Although there are many nuances of difference, they're difficult to separate from one another depending on one's approach to the text.
[Citation Needed]